Below are references — notes, books, tutorials, and practice problems — useful in preparing for advanced study in economics, such as a master’s or PhD.
On this page:
- Mathematics
- Probability & Statistics
- Microeconomic theory
- Econometrics
- Macroeconomics
- Practice problems
- Answers on Quora and Stack Exchange
- Miscellaneous
Mathematics
Tutorials & lecture notes
- Osborne’s notes — logic, matrix algebra, calculus, concavity and convexity, optimization, differential and difference equations
- Paul’s notes — calculus
- Kim Border’s notes — calculus, optimization, convex analysis, linear algebra, and more (an archive of his lecture notes)
Online courses
- Convexity — Amit Goyal
Books
- Essential Mathematics for Economic Analysis — Sydsæter, Hammond, Strøm & Carvajal
- Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics — Chiang & Wainwright
- Real Analysis: A Long-Form Mathematics Textbook — Jay Cummings
Probability & Statistics
Tutorials & lecture notes
- Kim Border’s notes — probability theory and distributions (an archive of his lecture notes)
Online courses
- Probability — Joe Blitzstein (Harvard Stat 110)
Books
- A First Course in Probability — Sheldon Ross
- Mathematical Statistics with Applications — Freund
Microeconomic theory
Tutorials & lecture notes
- Osborne’s tutorial — theory of the firm and industry equilibrium
- Kim Border’s notes — demand theory, welfare theorems, Robinson Crusoe economies, and more (an archive of his lecture notes)
Online courses
- Game Theory Online — Matt Jackson, Kevin Leyton-Brown & Yoav Shoham
- Demand — Amit Goyal
- General Equilibrium — Amit Goyal
Books
- Books by Rubinstein — game theory and models in microeconomic theory (free download)
Econometrics
- Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach — Wooldridge
Macroeconomics
- Macroeconomics — Dornbusch, Fischer & Startz
- Macroeconomic Theory and Policy — Branson
- Macroeconomics — Blanchard
Practice problems
Online sources
- Past year exams — the Econschool collection of ISI, DSE, and JNU papers
- Brilliant — daily problems on mathematics and probability
Books
- Workouts in Intermediate Microeconomics — Varian & Bergstrom
- Test of Mathematics at 10+2 Level — ISI
Answers on Quora and Stack Exchange
Questions answered and worked solutions posted on public Q&A sites:
Miscellaneous
- Resources (AEA) — the American Economic Association’s compilation of online resources for economists and students
- Tim Roughgarden — lectures on incentives — short videos on algorithmic game theory with applications